In a blended approach, e-learning sessions can be integrated with face-to-face (F2F) traditional activities using a variety of approaches. Blended learning combines different training media (e.g. e-learning technologies, activities and events) to create an optimum training programme for a specific audience. The term “blended” means that traditional instructor‑led training (F2F) is being supplemented with electronic formats (e-learning modules) that can be worked on independently and video conferences (events) which do not require the physical presence of the trainees.

E-learning and (virtual) classroom training

E-learning is a convenient option for organizations in certain situations (e.g. when there is a need to reach many geographically dispersed learners). In a self-paced e-learning course, learners can study course materials at any time they wish. This requires that learners have access to a set of interactive and self-contained materials. Facilitated or instructor‑led e-learning (synchronous teaching) takes place at a specific time and usually integrates self-study with collaborative activities such as discussions or group work.

The programme flow model

The programme flow model in blended learning is suited for observable outcomes and assessment purposes (including certification like Cambridge Certificates and Bulats), since it enables formal tracking of learners’ progress. Each step can be easily monitored by the instructors.

An online pre-class event can be used to bring learners with different levels of knowledge and skills to the same level before the F2F class begins. The online event can be an assignment. The instructor can review the results of the pre-class assignment for each learner and adjust the programme for the F2F class by focusing on knowledge and skills gaps. This approach has several advantages over a traditional F2F approach: it forces learners to come prepared to the classroom; allows the design of more efficient classroom activities which are tailored to the specific needs or interests of the participants; and reduces the total time in classroom, which reduces costs.

The core-and-spoke model

Another approach consists of starting with a core classroom event, followed by online independent experiences which can include, for example, interaction with online resources or e-mentoring services for continuous reinforcement. This approach could be used to develop communities of learners or to engage in further discussions on advanced topics of individual interest.

Classroom training (F2F) complementary to e-learning

Classroom training has changed significantly throughout the last 2 decades. Once being the typical training that we all know and are used to, with a combination of lectures and hands-on exercises it has developed into interactive teaching by the means of cooperative learning strategies, putting the learner in the focus of teaching. Care should be taken to have a balance of approx. 20/80 in respectively lectures and hands-on components. Participants learn much more by doing things themselves, as opposed to listen to a lecturer. The absorption level of lectures drop rapidly after 15 minutes, and the duration of lectures should therefore be limited.

By avoiding frontal teaching and by providing cooperative learning strategies, set of methods, e.g. moderation, 1-min-statements, fishbowl discussion the teachers implementing the courses can limit the trainees’ loss of concentration and motivation during the sessions.